Introduction
Howdy, Science Elementary Nifties!
We are about to learn to dive from the shallow to the deepest knowledge of the Ocean Tides. We are about to know who studied about Ocean Tides in relation to gravitational pull, what are they, where do they come from and occur, when do they occur, why do they occur, and how do they occur. We are to swim our brains into fun and games as we know how to drill our knowledge into something interesting. Surfing ourselves from our know-hows to submerging ourselves into how these Ocean Tides affect our lifestyles and our humanity.
Jump in!
Task
STORYTELLING: Show, Don't Tell (By Teacher)
Instruction: The teacher will have print out the figures shown in this description while telling the story on how the ocean tides came to be. He/she may also use puppetry.
Dive into the Ocean Tides
Tides are the rise and fall of the levels of the ocean. They are caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon as well as the rotation of the Earth. This is according to Sir Isaac Newton. He started the law of universal gravitation is usually stated as that every particle attracts every other particle in the universe with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. Gravity is one major force that creates tides. In 1687, Sir Isaac Newton explained that ocean tides result from the gravitational attraction of the sun and moon on the oceans of the earth.
Cycles of a Tide
Tides cycle as the Moon rotates around the Earth and as the position of the Sun changes. Throughout the day the sea level is constantly rising or falling.
1. The sea level rises
2. High tide is reached
3. The sea level falls
4. Low tide is reached
5. Back to number 1
This cycle can happen once or twice a day depending on the location of the area to the Moon. Tides that happen once a day are called diurnal. Tides that happen twice a day are called semidiurnal. Because the Earth rotates in the same direction as the Moon, the cycle is actually slightly longer than a day at 24 hours and 50 minutes.
Tides and the Moon (shows Figure 1)
While the Sun and the rotation of the Earth both have some tidal impact, the location of the Moon has the biggest affect on the tide. The gravity of the Moon causes a high tide both on the side of the Earth directly below the Moon (sublunar tide) and the opposite side of the Earth (antipodal). Low tides are on the sides of the Earth 90 degrees away from the Moon. See the picture below.
Figure 1
Tidal Currents (shows Figure 2)
When the sea level is rising or falling, water is flowing to or from the ocean. This flow causes currents called tidal currents.
- Flood current - A flood current occurs as the sea level is rising towards high tide. Water is flowing towards the shore and away from the ocean.
- Ebb current - An ebb current occurs as the sea level is dropping towards low tide. Water is flowing away from the shore and towards the ocean.
- Slack water - At the exact time of high tide or low tide there is no current. This time is called slack water.
Tidal Range (shows Figure 2)
The tidal range is the difference in sea level between low tide and high tide. The tidal range will vary in different locations depending on the location of the Sun and the Moon as well as the topography of the shore line.
In the open ocean the tidal range is typically around 2 feet. However, tidal ranges can be much larger near the shore. The largest tidal range is on the coast of the Bay of Fundy in Canada where the tides can change by as much as 40 feet from high to low tide.
Figure 2
Types of Tides (shows Figure 3)
- High - High tide is the point in the tidal cycle where the sea level is at its highest.
- Low - Low tide is the point in the tidal cycle where the sea level is at its lowest.
- Spring - Spring tide occurs when the Sun and the Moon are aligned to combine for the largest tidal range of the highest high tide and the lowest low tide.
- Neap - A neap tide is when the tidal range is at its smallest. This occurs during the first and third quarters of the Moon.
- Semidiurnal - A semidiurnal tidal cycle is one where there are two high and two low tides each day.
- Diurnal - A diurnal tidal cycle is one where there is only one high and one low tide during a day.
Figure 3
Interesting Facts about Tides 101
- The same tidal forces that cause tides in the oceans affect the solid Earth causing it to change shape by a few inches.
- There are typically two spring tides and two neap tides each month.
- In a semidiurnal cycle the high and low tides occur around 6 hours and 12.5 minutes apart.
- Local factors such as weather can also affect the tides.
- The energy from tidal forces can be harnessed for electricity using tidal turbines, fences, or barrages.
This end
Process
DRILL AND ACT THE CLASS COLLABORATION: Show and Tell (By Learners and be dramatized by the teacher)
1. Before the storytelling, the class will be divided into two groups: OCEAN and TIDE. The group will choose a group leader. The class will also choose two notetakers for the point systems. They will also have a cheer to introduce themselves.
2. Each group is given five minutes to plan beforehand on how they can act and say the gestures in unison which are as follows:
2.1. When the teacher says OCEAN, TIDE/S, AND TIDAL, the learners will wave their hands to symbolize the waves.
2.2. When the teacher says SIR ISAAC NEWTON, the learners will make a tug of war to symbolize the gravitational pull.
2.3. When the teacher says MOON, the learners will make the "AWUUUUU" noise to symbolize the sound of the
at nighttime.
2.4. When the teacher says ANY NUMBER, the learners will jump thrice to symbolize the counting.
2.5. When the teacher says HIGH, the learners' head will move upwards while downwards when the teacher says
LOW to symbolize direction.
2.6. When the teacher says a country, the learners will say spin once to symbolize the globe.
3. The teachers will know as to which group will have follow the rules in unison first for them to gain 5 points per word.
4. Whoever garners the highest points shall win the Group Collaboration.
Evaluation
The ASSESSMENT:
1. The teacher will plan the activity and the words with the points in the practiced storytelling before the class.
2. Whoever wins the activity during the storytelling will have have the immunity for the next question and answer of the teacher for the succeeding two topics. The two learners who are tasked for the notetaking will keep a record of the point garnered by the groups as the teacher will also list them down for record-keeping.
3. The teacher will ask the learners if they have any questions from the activities.
4. If yes, the teacher will answer it with dramatization using the gestures and sounds used in the drill and act activity.
5. With thorough collaboration with the teacher, the learners will further understand the topic through showing plus telling.
Conclusion
CONCLUDING ACTIVITY:
1. The teacher shall present a song about the OCEAN TIDES:
via https://youtu.be/m8UGm-dKAoE in a big projector or television screen (if any). Kindly proceed to Number 2 if there are no virtual resources.
2. The teacher will also sing this action song together with the learners.
3. As an assignment, the learners will memorize the song for them to sing to the next schedule for class to transition to the next topic which will be all about Fun + Preparation: OCEAN ACTIVITIES AND NATURAL DISASTERS.
Credits
Teacher Page
Great job, nifty scientists! Thank you for diving in the knowledge to know more about our oceans and its tidings. You have set the buoyancy with your classmates, and have the trust and leap of fate to have this group collaboration to keep swimming. I, as your teacher, am "awuuuu-awuuuu" to see you swimming through the tides with your classmates. I hope that you've learned a drowning knowledge not only from me but also from them. Let's keep the tide, and have fun with some OCEAN ACTIVITIES and come prepared with the OCEAN DISASTERS. You know the drill, kids! *waves*
