Organic Chemistry

Introduction

The very basic definition of organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds.  Scientists study properties, composition, reactions, and preparations of these compounds.  Studies are also done on compounds with any number of other elements, including hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, halogens, phosphorus, silicon, and sulfur.  

Organic chemistry used to be limited to compounds only formed from living organisms, but has been broadened to include human-made substances such as plastics.

You will be completing this webquest to further your knowledge of organic chemistry.

The parts that need to be completed are in the process and the conclusion sections.

Task

Some people may ask what is the point of organic chemistry, or why do people study it. Organic chemistry is important in anyone's life no matter what their profession or lifestyle is. Many things people use every single day need organic chemistry in order to exist. For example, the list below includes just a few things that come from forms of organic chemistry: Shampoo, gasoline, perfume, lotion, drugs, food and food additives, plastics, paper, insect repellent, synthetic fibers (nylon, polyester, rayon), paint, moth balls (naphthalene), enzymes, nail polish remover, wood, coal, natural gases, solvents, fertilizers, vitamins, dyes, soap, candles, and asphalt.

Below information is given to better your understanding of how organic chemistry influences those products. 

Polymers

These are long chains and branches of molecules that create many things you encounter everyday like nylon, acrylic, PVC, polycarbonate (used for engineering, usually transparent), and cellulose.

Petrochemicals

Petrochemicals are chemicals derived from crude oil or petroleum. Everyday products that are examples of petrochemicals are gasoline, plastics, detergents, dyes, food additives, natural gas, and medicines.

Perfume

Many men and women use colognes and perfumes everyday. The fragrance in a cologne or perfume comes from a flower or lab. The molecules that a person smells and enjoy are primes examples of organic chemistry.

Cosmetics

To create cosmetics, scientists examine changes in the skin in response to metabolic and environmental factors, formulate products to address skin problems and enhance beauty. Scientists also analyze how cosmetics interact with the skin and other products.

Process

2. List nine functional groups (not including alkane, alkene, and alkyne) and fill out the chart below.(9)

Functional Group Name

Functional Group Skeleton Structure

Example Structure

Example Name

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

You will need to copy and paste these questions into a word document to fill out the answers. Make sure to check to ‘Conclusion’ and ‘Evaluation’ tabs after completing these questions.

  1. Define the term ‘Functional Group’. (1)
  2. Refer to the image above and recreate that in the word document. (5)
  3. What does an “R” represent in an organic skeleton structure? (1)
  4. Draw and name three isomers of a five-carbon alcohol. (6)
  1.     
  2.                
  3.  
  1. Define ‘Cycloalkane’, and describe how compounds are named. (2)
  2. Identify the uses of alkanes, alkynes, and alkenes. (3)
  3. How are the following compound types similar? (6)
    1. Alcohol and Ether
    2.  Aldehyde and Ketone
    3.  Acid and Ester
  4. Use equations to show the reaction of an: (6)

1.          Alkane

 

2.           Alkene

 

3.           Ester

  1. Show detailed mechanism for the production of an ester from an alcohol and alkanoic acid. (4)
  2. Define the terms, monomers and polymers. State how a monomer is differentiated from the polymer it forms. (4)
  3. What is Sodium Polyacrylate? What is it commonly used for. (2)     

 

Websites

  1. http://web.chem.ucla.edu/~harding/IGOC/F/functional_group.html
  2. Use chart from in class
  3. http://web.chem.ucla.edu/~harding/IGOC/R/r_group.html
  4. http://www.gcsescience.com/o6.htm
  5. .http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/2organic/alcohols.html#vs

         b. http://chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/carbonyls/background.html

         c. find your website

  1. https://www.masterorganicchemistry.com/reaction-guide/  have to hover over titles, do not click on them
  2. https://materialsworldmodules.org/resources/polimarization/2-polymers+monomers.html
  3. http://sciencing.com/commercial-uses-sodium-polyacrylate-6462516.html

 

Evaluation

This webquest will be worth a total of 50 points. Please print and turn it in to your teacher on the due date. 

Conclusion

At the end of your word document, write a brief paragraph about three pieces of new information from this Webquest that you did not know before. (3)