Introduction
Good morning class.
Today we are going to start a new topic which is leadership and management.
What is leadership?
Leadership is the ability of an individual or a group of individuals to influence and guide followers or other members of an organization. Leadership cannot be taught, although it can be learned as it is an inborn trait. It involves establishing a clear vision and sharing it with others so that they can willingly follow.
What is management?
It is the coordination of planning, organizing, leading and controlling employees to achieve goals. A person becomes a manager because of the position in which he/she is appointed. Managers have power because of the position of authority info in which they are appointed.
Lets watch the following 5 minutes video so that we can understand the difference between Leadership and management
Task
After this lesson, you will be able to understand the following:
- What is leadership and what is management
- Differences between leadership and management
- Leadership styles
Task 1
QUESTION 1
After watching the 5 minutes video fill in the missing word. Choose the word from the following box:
| Leadership, Management |
1. ............ influences human behaviour
2. ............ guides human behaviour
3. ............ Controls systems and procedures to get the job done
4. ............ inspires staff to trust and support each other
5. ............ Focuses on what and why
6. ............ focuses on how and when
7. ............ guides/leads people to become active participants
8. ............ manages the process of getting things done by exercising responsibility
9. ............ always trying to find more efficient ways of completing tasks
10. .......... enforces rules on subordinates /ensure that tasks are completed
11. .......... are people orientated
12. .......... are task orientated
13. ......... does things right
14. ......... does the right things
TOTAL MARKS [2*14 = 28]
Process
LEADERSHIP STYLES
There are six leadership styles
1. Democratic/Participative
It is also known as participative leadership or shared leadership, is a type of leadership style in which members of the group take a more participative role in the decision-making process, it is people orientated as employees feelings and opinions are considered. it is a type of leadership that handles conflict situation by involving followers in finding the best solution.
2. Autocratic leadership
Autocratic leadership, also known as authoritarian leadership, can most simply be defined as a structure where there is one clearly defined “boss” at the top who holds most, if not all, of the control over distribution of workload and responsibility.
An autocratic leader does not take input from other members of the team when making decisions. Operations, methods, processes and delegation are all decided by the autocratic leader and the autocratic leader only. This type of leadership is task orientated as opinions of employees are not considered. It handles conflict situations by telling followers what they should do.
3. Laissez-faire
A laissez faire leader is someone who is able to sit back and trust their employees to use their skills and experience to determine their own structures and processes. Listening and learning from them is therefore a key aspect of being a great laissez faire leader
4. Charismatic
Charismatic leadership is defined by a leader who uses his or her communication skills, persuasiveness, and charm to influence others. Charismatic leaders, given their ability to connect with people on a deep level, are especially valuable within organizations that are facing a crisis or are struggling to move forward.
5. Transactional
Transactional leadership focuses on results, conforms to the existing structure of an organization and measures success according to that organization's system of rewards and penalties. Transactional leaders have formal authority and positions of responsibility in an organization. This type of leader is responsible for maintaining routine by managing individual performance and facilitating group performance. This type of leader sets the criteria for their workers according to previously defined requirements.
6. Bureaucratic
The bureaucratic leadership style is based on the administrative needs of an organization. Although it is most often found in the public sector, any company can implement this type of leadership style for their teams and departments.
IMPACT/EFFECTIVENESS OF LEADERSHIP STYLES ON BUSINESS
Impact of democratic leadership style
Advantages
- The leader allows the employees to participate in the decision making process, so they feel empowered/positive
- Authority is delegated which can motivate/inspire workers to be more productive
- Staff gives a variety of ideas/inputs that can lead to innovation/improved production methods/increased sales
Disadvantages
- Incorrect decisions may be made if staff is inexperienced/ not fully informed
- Decision making may be time consuming because stakeholders have to be consulted
- Leaders can rely too much on the input of the followers and fail to make final decision
Impact of autocratic leadership style
Advantages
- Quick decisions can be taken without consulting/considering followers
- Work gets done in time
- line of communication is is clear as it is top-down/followers know exactly what to do
Disadvantages
- Leaders and followers may become divided and may not agree on ways to solve problem
- Workers can become demotivated if their opinions are not considered
- De-motivated workers impact negatively on productivity
Impact of Laissez-Faire leadership style
Advantages
- Subordinates have maximum freedom and can work independently
- Leaders motivates workers by trusting them to do things themselves /on their own
- Subordinates are experts and know what they want/can take responsibility for their actions
Disadvantages
- Employees can be held responsible for their own work which may lead to underperformance
- Could lead to conflict when some team members act as leaders
- Productivity may be compromised with lack of tight control over workers not meeting deadlines
Impact on transactional leadership style
Advantages
- Encourage employees to work hard because they will receive rewards
- Improve employees productivity and morale
- Business goal and objectives can be achieved as employees are motivated
Disadvantages
- Employees may become bored/lose creativity as they have to follow rules/procedure
- A transactional leader will have to monitor the work performance of employees to ensure that expectations are met
- Managing/controlling employees may be time-consuming
Impact of charismatic leadership style
Advantages
- Expert at selling vision and achieve excellent results
- Employees are motivated as the leader is energetic /inspiring
- Inspires loyalty/hard work among employees
Disadvantages
- Leader believes more in him/her than than the team
- Projects can collapse if the leader leaves them
- Leaders are intolerant of challenges and regard themselves as irreplaceable
Impact of bureaucratic leadership style
Advantages
- Managers ensure that rules/regulations are always followed accurately
- Works well when tight control measures need to be implemented/followed
- Health and safety are increased in a dangerous workplace, e.g. construction sites/mine
Disadvantages
- Complicated official rules may seem unnecessary/ time consuming
- Leaders may acquire power/become authoritative and can disregard inputs from others
- Very little room for error, so workers feel they are not always treated with dignity
QUESTION 2
Lets watch the following role play and answer the question that will follow:
2.1. Mention two leadership styles that are on this role play (2)
2.2. Define two leadership styles that you have mentioned on 2.1. (4)
2.3. Mention 1 advantage and 1 disadvantage of each leadership style mentioned on 2.1. (4)
TOTAL MARKS [12]
Evaluation
Marks are allocated at the end of each question
| QUESTIONS | TOTAL MARKS |
|---|---|
| Question 1 | 28 |
| Question 2 | 12 |
Conclusion
On our next lesson we will continue with leadership and management on the following:
- Differences between democratic and autocratic leadership style
- Leadership theories
Kindly watch the following video in preparation of the next class on leadership theories, make sure that you understand this video so that you can be able to answer questions that may be asked in our next class:
Credits
You can use the following link to expand your knowledge on Leadership vs Management
Teacher Page
If you have questions about this lesson of leadership and management please don hesitate to send me email on the following email address: