Introduction
Discovered by Jacques Charles, a French scientist and adventurer. Charles was recorded to be the first person to fill a balloon with hydrogen gas and made his first solo balloon flight.
Charles showed that there is a linear relationship between the volume of a gas and its temperature. His study further suggest a new temperature scale defined by adding 273 to the Celsius scale.
This new temperature T= C + 273 is called the absolute temperature scale or Kelvin scale. All temperature used in gas law calculations must be in K.
It states that the volume of a given amount of gas at a constant pressure is directly proportional to its temperature. The ratio of volume to temperature is constant
VαT
V/T = k or V1/T1 = V2/T2
Task
1. A balloon is filled with helium has a volume of 3.25 L at 303 K and is placed in a freezer at -10 °C. What is the volume of the balloon inside the freezer?
2. Calculate the volume in Liters of a 5 gal sample of Xe gas when the temperature is changed from 18 °C to -10 °C.
Process
Now you know how to solve it, let's check the effect of Charles' law in reality.
Now get a balloon and blow it not too big nor too small.
Next measure the volume of the balloon. How? It's up to you how to find it. (Clue: Archimedes).
Then, after measuring the volume, put it in a fridge and after 10 mins, check the temperature and look for the volume.
Evaluation
Solve for these problems.
1. The balloon can only take a volume of 10 L before it burst, if the balloon is 9L at room temperature, on what temperature will it burst?
2. The tire is 23.5 L when they reached Manila with a temperature of 27.2 °C, what is the initial volume when they are still at Baguio with a temperature of 16.8 °C