Introduction
this material for students in state university of makassar
there are three point in this material
1. definition of sociolingustics study
2. perpose of sociolinguistics study
3. benefit of sociolinguistcs study
Task
introduction
When a study of language in which the linguistic factors are related to the factors beyond the language, such as language use that is done by its speakers in a certain speech community, it refers to sociolinguistics. According to Fishman, for instance, socially, the language use involves “Who speaks, what language, to whom, when and where” Fishman, 1972:244).. When some aspects of sociology are adopted in studying a language, this means it presents an interdisciplinary study; and its name represents a combination of sociology and linguistics. In this relation, some experts call it as sociology of language; and some others call it as sociolinguistics. The following discussion involves some terms such as language, linguistics, sociology or its aspects, and sociolinguistics as well as relationships between language and society
Sociolinguistics
A term sociolinguistics is a derivational word. Two words that form it are sociology and linguistics. Sociology refers to a science of society; and linguistics refers to a science of language. A study of language from the perspective of society may be thought as linguistics plus sociology. Some investigators have found it to introduce a distinction between sociolinguistics and sociology of language. Some others regard sociolinguistics is often referred as the sociology of language.
Sociolinguistics is defined as:
- The study that is concerned with the relationship between language and the context in which it is used. In other words, it studies the relationship between language and society. It explains we people speak differently in different social contexts. It discusses the social functions of language and the ways it is used to convey social meaning. All of the topics provides a lot of information about the language works, as well as about the social relationships in a community, and the way people signal aspects of their social identity through their language (Jenet Holmes, 2001)
- The study that is concerned with the interaction of language and setting (Carol M. Eastman, 1975; 113).
- the study that is concerned with investigating the relationship between language and society with the goal of a better understanding of the structure of language and of how languages function in communication ( Ronald Wardhaugh, 1986 : 12)
Process
function of sociolinguistics study
Knowledge of sociolinguistics can be beneficial to anyone, though. Whether you have traveled or not, it is clear to us that people speak differently in all parts of the country. I lived in Texas for the past five years and acquired several new phrases that meant nothing to my friends back home in the northwest. In Texas, "talking" to someone means they are in the early stages of dating.
aplication of sociolinguistics study
For example, a sociolinguist might determine through study of social attitudes that a particular vernacular would not be considered appropriate language use in a business or professional setting. Sociolinguists might also study the grammar, phonetics, vocabulary, and other aspects of this sociolect much as dialectologists would study the same for a regional dialect.
The study of language variation is concerned with social constrains determining language in its contextual environment. is the term given to the use of different varieties of language in different social situations.
William Labov is often regarded as the founder of the study of sociolinguistics. He is especially noted for introducing the quantitative analysis of language variation and change, making the sociology of language into a scientific discipline.
Evaluation
1. what is sociolinguistics?
2. how to apply sociolinguistics?
3. what is the benefits of sociolinguistics?
Conclusion
finally we hope you can understand about sociolinguistics and you can apply in your environment.