Introduction
FARM TOOLS IN AGRICULTURAL CROP PRODUCTION
Farm tools, implements and equipment play very important role in agricultural crop production. their availability makes the work much easier and faster. however, even if one may have the most sophisticated tools and implement , but does not know how to use them, they are useless. in order to do crop production operations successfully, one must have a good working knowledge of the tools, implements and equipment before using them.
Task
LEARNING OUTCOMES: At the end of this Lesson you are expected to do the following:
1. select and use farm tools;
2. select and operate farm equipment; and
3. perform preventive maintenance.
Process
PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
1.Appropriate farm tools are identified according to use.
2. Farm tools are checked for faults.
3. Appropriate tools are safely used according to job requirements and manufacturers‘ conditions.
Hand Tools
Hand tools are usually light and are used without the help of
animals or machines.
They are being used in performing farm activities which involve small areas like school garden and home garden.
Examples:
Bolo
is used for cutting tall grasses and weedsand chopping branches of trees.
Crowbar
is used for digging big holes and fordigging out big stones and stumps.
pick-mattock
is used for digging canals,
breaking hard topsoil and for digging up stones
and tree stumps.
Grab-hoe
is used for breaking hard topsoil and
pulverizing soil.
Spade
is used for removing trash or soil,
digging canals or ditches and mixing soil
media.
Shovel
is used in removing trash, digging
loose soil, moving soil from one place to
another and for mixing soil media.
Rake
is used for cleaning the ground and
leveling the topsoil.
Spading fork
is used for loosening the soil,
digging out root crops and
turning over the
materials in a compost heap.
Light hoe
is used for loosening and leveling
soil and digging out furrows for planting
Hand trowel
is
used for
loosening the soil
around the growing plants and putting small
amount of manure
fertilizer
i
n the soil.
Hand cultivator
is used for cultivating the
garden plot by l
oosening the soil and removing
weeds around the plant.
Hand fork
is
used
for
inter row cultivation.
Pruning shears
is for cutting branches of
planting materials and
unnecessary branches
of plants.
Axe
is for cutting bigger size post.
Knife
is for cutting planting materials and for
performing other operations in horticulture
Sprinklers
–
for watering seedlings and young
plants
Water pails
for hauling water, manure and
fertilizers
Sprayers
are
for spraying insecticides, foliar fertilizers, fungicides and herbicides
Wheel barrow
is used
for hauling trash,
manures, fertilizers, planting materials and
other equipment
Sickle
is a hand
-
held
agricultural
tool
with a
variously curved
blade
typically used for cutting
weeds
.
Farm Implements
These are accessories which are being pulled by
working animals or mounted to
Machineries (hand tractor, tractor) which are usually used in the preparation of land. These
are usually made of a special kind of metal.
Examples are:
1.Plows.
These are farm implements either pulled by a working animal or a tractor. The
plow is specifically used for tilling large areas, making furrows and inter row cultivation.
Plows pulled by working animals are made of either a combination of metal and wood or
pure metal. They are used to till areas with a shallower depth than that of the disc plows
which are pulled by tractors.
Native plow
Disc plow
2.Harrow.
The native wooden harrow is made of wood with a metal teeth and pulled by a
carabao while the d
isc harrow is made of metal mounted to a tractor. Harrows are used
for tilling and pulverizing the soil.
Native wooden harrow
Disc harrow
3.Rotavator.
The rotavator is an implement mounted to a tractor used for tilling and
pulverizing the soil
Evaluation
Read the questions carefully and select the best answer by putting a circle to the letter of your answer.
1. Which of the following is an example of a digging tool?
A. Bolo B. Crowbar C. Grub hoe D. Pruning shear
2. Which tool is used for cutting grasses?
A. Shovel B. Bolo C. Crowbar D. Mattock
3. What tool does NOT belong to the group?
A. Crowbar B. Mattock C. Shovel D. Pruning shear
4. Farm tools are very important in agricultural crop production because they __________
A. Make work easier B. Make work faster C. Save time and effort D. All of the above
5. A tool with one end of its blade flattened and the other pointed at right angles to its handle is a ________________.
A. mattock B. crowbar C. bolo D. spade
6. Which tool resembles the appearance of spoon and use for transferring soil? A. Spade B. Shovel C. Spading fork D. Grub hoe
7. What implement is being pulled by a working animal to till the land? A. Harrow B. Native plow C. Disc plow D. Disc harrow
8. An implement mounted to a tractor that is used to pulverize the newly plowed soil is a_____________.
A. trailer B. disc harrow C. native plow D. disc plow
9. An open container with a single wheel at the front and two handles at the back used to transport things
A. Hand tractor B. Tractor C. Basket D. Wheel barrow
10. Which of the following tools is used to harvest crops?
A. Knife B. Plow C. Spade D. Basket
Conclusion
How Do You Apply What You Have Learned?
PROPER USE OF SHOVEL Introduction:
Shovel is used in different farm operation. It is used in digging and moving soil from one place to another, cleaning ditches, etc. Proper use of this tool can help make the work easier.
PPE and Tools needed:
Footwear
Long pants
Gloves
Rag
Shovel
Procedure:
Make sure that before you perform this activity, you are wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Follow these instructions
1. Keep feet wide apart. Place front foot close to shovel.
2. Put weight on front foot. Use leg to push shovel.
3. Shift weight to rear foot. Keep load close to body.
4. Turn feet in direction of throw
5. Perform house keeping