Introduction
Introduction:
Fascism was originally a political movement and a form of government that promoted loyalty to one's leader and state. It shared some of the same principals for running a government and a country as communist. In Europe Fascism was composed by ideologies that were present in the 20th century, and it was started in Italy and it then moved across Europe which took the influence in fascism from Italy. Purists asserted that the term "Fascism" should only be used to mean the ideology of the National Fascist Party under Benito Mussolini in Italy, which ruled from 1922 to 1943. In this WebQuest you will learn about how fascism differed communism, and about some important people during this period, also about the conditions in the 1920's and 1930's that facilitated the rise of fascism in Europe.
Questions:
How might fascism be related to communism/ Bolshevism?
What were the key events in the rise of fascism in Europe?
Was Fascism "revolutionary"? If yes, what was the nature of the revolt?
Task
How might European fascism be related to Bolshevism/ Communism?
What were some key events in the rise of fascism in Europe?
Was fascism “revolutionary”? If so, what was the nature of the revolt/revolution?
Process
1. In this first source you will learn about the importance of facism and how it came to be. It will show you how fascism started and how far it has come to even affect the world today. This video is popular among certain regimes during World War 2, fascism's consequences had disastrous effects on the world. So, what is fascism?
2. This video shows what led to the rise of fascism. This video goes more depth about the important people and their impact on it. It tells you about where it started and how it finished, and your task is to figure out how fascism was started by the many people, and who were the people that was the main influences in starting the whole fascist party.
3. In the next video you will watch the long version of the history of the fascism inc multilingual. Fascism Inc is a crowdfunded documentary on the rise of neo-fascism in Greece and Europe and the role of the economic elites.It will go in depth about the background, and important people in the making of this.
4. This source shows how fascism, the political ideology and mass movement that dominated many parts of central, southern, and eastern Europe between 1919 and 1945 and that also had adherents in western Europe, the United States, South Africa, Japan, Latin America, and the Middle East. Your goal is to figure out the outcome of these dominants.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/fascism
5. This link talks about Benito Mussolini, a socialist turned nationalist, founded a new movement in Milan that became known as ‘fascism’. The source also mentions Adolf Hitler, and how he joined the tiny German Workers’ Party, which had been founded in January in his adopted city, Munich, one of many nationalist groups opposing the democratic and socialist revolutions that swept Germany after the war. Your task is to figure out how both of them made this a worldwide thing.
6. This next source talks about how the fascist seized power in Europe. Fascist paramilitaries escalated their strategy from attacking socialist offices and homes of socialist leadership figures to violent occupation of cities. The Fascists met little serious resistance from authorities and proceeded to take over several northern Italian cities. Your task is to figure out the specific northern Italian cities the fascist chose to take over.
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-worldhistory/chapter/the-rise-of-fascism/
7. This source speaks about living in the fascist regime. People believe that the Fascist governments control the way people lived. Those who criticize the government or do not obey were punished. Your task is to figure out how they were punished. Also they had to leave the country, and go to prison or be executed. Fascist leaders want to make their state strong and powerful. They claim that only the strongest and fittest in the population can survive. With the help of a strong army they go to war and expand their territory.
http://www.english-online.at/history/fascism/life-in-a-fascist-regime.h…
8. This source gives off a list of names of the main important people in the fascist party. Your task is to go through eat person, and write what there involvement in the fascist movement was and how it had an impact on the world. The source shows names such as Mussolini, Hitler, Gentile, Dollfuss, and many more.
https://www.britannica.com/biographies/history/fascism
9. This Source was about Mussolini's involvement and importance in the fascist act. It tells you how Mussolini led the Fascists on a march on Rome, and how King Emmanuel III, who had little faith in Italy’s parliamentary government, asked Mussolini to form a new government. Initially, Mussolini, who was appointed prime minister at the head of a three-member Fascist cabinet, cooperated with the Italian parliament, but aided by his brutal police organization he soon became the effective dictator of Italy.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/mussolini-founds-the-fascist-party
10. This source is mainly about Hitler's involvement, and a little about Mussolini's. It goes through Fascism in Germany, and how it led to Europe after World War II. The German economic system remained capitalistic but the state played a more prominent role in managing the economy. Industrialists were sometimes told what to produce and what price they should charge for the goods that they made. The government also had the power to order workers to move to where they were required.
http://spartacus-educational.com/GERfascist.htm
Conclusion
Fascism is primarily associated with the Mussolini's regime in Italy and Hitler's government in Germany. These two countries exhibited an explosive effect, this study was only marginally concerned with their actual practices, their ‘modernizing’ nature, impact, and role in perpetrating the Second World War. Fascism in internationally deprived countries such as Italy and Germany were seen as tools for strong revisionist foreign policy element and a militaristic tendency which aided for procuring power. On the whole, fascism was more about domestic affairs. It was a cultural and political response to the rise of mass society, urbanization, and secularization. Fascists belonging to the nineteenth century looked for an alternative way to modernity that would preserve ‘civilization’ and elite culture from the threat of democratic and socialism.