Energy and Stars

Introduction

Today we will be focusing on the life cycle of stars

Make 3 observations from the picture above. Be sure to do it as I might call on you!

Task

Energy & Stars

Competency: Students will be able to describe the life cycle of stars.

Students will also learn to:

  • Define and explain the electromagnetic spectra
  • Explain how the spectra pertains to the life cycle of stars
  • Define and explain infrared telescopes
  • Explain how infrared telescopes pertain to the life cycle of stars

In order to acheive these competencies we will be using a variety of lessons to obtain the greatest understanding possible. We will be using videos, interactive web pages and articles.

You will be given multiple handouts to complete throughout this process.


Process

1. Obtain handout and go through interactive website and fill in the answers as you go along. Be sure to try all the interactives!

http://aspire.cosmic-ray.org/Labs/StarLife/starlife_main.html

Name:__________________________ Date:_________ Period:____

Star Life Cycle

http://aspire.cosmic-ray.org/Labs/StarLife/starlife_main.html

Proceed to the website above and complete the questions as you go through the interactable web pages.

1.    A ___________ is the birthplace of stars, and is comprised of ______ & ______, or more specifically; __________,___________ and ___________.

2.    How long ago was the sun formed? ______________ years ago.

·         Next view Nebula animation

3.    What makes the clumps in the nebula form? ___________________.

What happens as the clumps gain more mass (atoms)? ___________________ ____________________________________.

Define:

Accretion:_____________________________________________________.

Equilibrium:____________________________________________________.

4.    T or F: Gravity changes during star formation.

5.    T or F: Pressure changes during star formation.

-    Two factors about why pressure does or doesn’t change:

·         __________________________________________________________.

·         __________________________________________________________.

6. What does a star have to do to maintain stability? _____________________________

_______________________________________________________________

7. Explain differences between a red giant and a red supergiant: ___________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

8. What happens when fuel runs out for:

  • Low mass stars-__________________________________________________

  • Medium mass stars-_______________________________________________

  • High mass stars-_________________________________________________

9. Using the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram create a detailed explanation about how mass, luminosity and temperature of a star affect where it is on location of the diagram and explain why the electromagnetic specta is important in terms of star cycles. ____________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

10. Do the HR diagram interactive lab.

 2. Go to the following scientific article and write in your own words what kind of wavelengths we cant see on Earth and why.

Also, explain how astronomers have overcome not being able to see stars emmissions and what technology they use to do so.

Why is it so important that we have this technology?

http://www.scienceinschool.org/2014/issue29/EM_Astronomy

3. Watch following video and answer questions

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PMtC34pzKGc&feature=youtu.be

1. T or F: Red is the hottest color of the spectrum

2. Spectrum indicates ___________ and _______________. 

3. List spectrum colors in order from hottest to coolest:

  • Orange
  • Indigo/Violet
  • Blue
  • Red
  • Green 
  • Yellow

4.Explain how NASA determines distances from cellestial bodies and how it pertains to the Electromagnetic Spectra

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________. 

Evaluation

Objective

Beginning-Developing

2

Meets Requirements

3

Exceeded Expectations

4

Displays Mastery Understanding

5

Students will be able to describe the life cycle of stars.

 Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting a beginning level of performance. Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting development and movement toward mastery of performance. Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting mastery of performance. Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting the highest level of performance.
Define and explain the electromagnetic spectra Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting a beginning level of performance. Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting development and movement toward mastery of performance. Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting mastery of performance. Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting the highest level of performance.
Explain how the spectra pertains to the life cycle of stars Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting a beginning level of performance. Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting development and movement toward mastery of performance. Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting mastery of performance. Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting the highest level of performance.
Define and explain infrared telescopes Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting a beginning level of performance. Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting development and movement toward mastery of performance. Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting mastery of performance. Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting the highest level of performance.
Explain how infrared telescopes pertain to the life cycle of stars  Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting a beginning level of performance. Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting development and movement toward mastery of performance. Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting mastery of performance. Description of identifiable performance characteristics reflecting the highest level of performance.
Conclusion

Proceed to the following website and take the quiz on star formation to check your understanding!

https://www.khanacademy.org/partner-content/big-history-project/stars-and-elements/how-were-stars-formed/e/quiz-how-were-stars-formed-

Credits

Resources

Teacher Page

Answer Keys

1. 

Name:__________________________ Date:_________ Period:____

Star Life Cycle

http://aspire.cosmic-ray.org/Labs/StarLife/starlife_main.html

Proceed to the website above and complete the questions as you go through the interactable web pages.

1.    A __nebula___ is the birthplace of stars, and is comprised of _gas___ & _dust___, or more specifically; ______Hydrogen____,___Carbon________ and __Silicon_____.

2.    How long ago was the sun formed? _5 billion ____ years ago.

·         Next view Nebula animation

3.    What makes the clumps in the nebula form? ____Gravity_____.

What happens as the clumps gain more mass (atoms)? __there's a greater force of gravity and the clumps become a protostar_______.

Define:

Accretion:mass is transfered to the compact companion from the primary star

Equilibrium:__A balance between gravity pushing object together and gas pressure pushing light heat away.

4.    T or F: Gravity changes during star formation.

5.    T or F: Pressure changes during star formation.

-    Two factors about why pressure does or doesn’t change:

·         _____Temperature gradually increases as collisions become more frequent____.

·         _____Density_____.

6. What does a star have to do to maintain stability? __Fuse hydrogen into Helium_(Nuclear Fusion)___

7. Explain differences between a red giant and a red supergiant: A red giant has a much smaller mass than a supergiant so it actually fuses more efficiently than supergiants and has a longer lifespan. Because supergiants are so large, they have the capability of fusing Helium into denser and more dense elements until the element its fusing to becomes iron which is not (knowledgably) fusable. After fusion stops completely red supergiants become a supernova and explodes or could become a black hole. Red giants become white dwarfs.

8. What happens when fuel runs out for:

  • Low mass stars-_becomes a white dwarf__

  • Medium mass stars-_become a neutron star

  • High mass stars-_explode as a supernova or become a black hole

9. Using the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram create a detailed explanation about how mass, luminosity and temperature of a star affect where it is on location of the diagram and explain why the electromagnetic specta is important in terms of star cycles. _Depending on its initial mass, every star goes through specific evolutionary stages dictated by its structure and how it produces energy. Each of these stages corresponds to a change in the temperature and luminosity of the star,

10. Do the HR diagram interactive lab.

2. We can't see ultraviolet or infrared type of wavelength emissions from earth because our atmosphere prevents seeing them. (On the plus side, it prevents radiation from endangering us!). Astronomers have overcome this when infrared telescopes and other visible light telescopes were created and started to be used. Space based telescopes have proved to be a crucial tool for investigating how stars form and evolve. Without them we wouldn't have the knowledge we do today on stars life cycle.

3. 

1. T or F: Red is the hottest color of the spectrum

2. Spectrum indicates composition and temperature

3. List spectrum colors in order from hottest to coolest:

  • Indigo/Violet
  • Blue
  • Green
  • Yellow
  • Orange
  • Red

4.Explain how NASA determines distances from cellestial bodies and how it pertains to the Electromagnetic Spectra

Electromagnetic waves can be sent out in forms of laser pulses from satellites and the elapsed time it tkaes for it to return helps astronomers determine distance from the orbiting satellite from the surface of the object. The return time varies and provides a topographic map of the planets surface.