Conjunction in English

Introduction

Conjunctions

The part of speech (or word class) that serves to connect words, phrases, clauses, or sentences.

There are two types of conjunction, that is: 

1. The common conjunctions--and, but, for, or, nor, yet, and so--

2. The correlative conjunction--both...and, not only...but also, not...but, either...or, neither...nor, whether...or, and as...as--

Task

Table of English Conjunctions (selected examples)

 

Logical meaning

Across sentences

Within sentences

Addition and Replacement

also
in addition
furthermore
moreover
further

and, and also
nor
or, or else

Contrast and Comparison

however
on the other hand
in contrast
nevertheless
even so
despite this
in the same way
likewise
similarly

but
whereas
while
even though
although

both and
neither ..nor

Cause and Condition

for this reason
therefore
because of this
thus
hence
as a result
consequently
in that case
otherwise

because
since
so
so that
in order that
if
unless

Time and Place

then
afterwards
previously
up till now
first 
second
third
next
finally

when
after
before

 Some example:

  • Mother and Father are driving me to New Orleans.
  • I painted the walls but Jack painted the woodwork.
  • He is neither rich nor famous.
  • I’m going to buy either a camera or a CD player with the money.
  • Shakespeare was not only a writer but also an actor.
Process

Choose the correct answer below, A, B, C, D, or E!

Evaluation

Quiz

1. “How was exam?”

    “It was not easy …… I am sure I can pass.”

☐ And

☐ But

☐ Or

☐ So

☐ As

2. He did not pass his oral examination because he was either nervous …….

☐ Or he did not prepare himself well

☐ And did not prepare well

☐ Also the preparation was not good

☐ Or not well prepared

☐ But he was not well prepared

3. Danny has to take a part-time job during the vacation; ……. he will not be able to pay his tuition fee.

☐ Nevertheless

☐ Otherwise

☐ Moreover

☐ Therefore

☐ Besides

4. ……. the price of gold rises sharply, people keep buying it.

☐ However

☐ Eventhough

☐ Nevertheless

☐ In spite of

☐ On the other hand

5. ……. she writes English well, she speaks it badly.

☐ But

☐ In spite of

☐ However

☐ Although

☐ Yet

6. I have a new bicycle, ……. I can’t ride it.

☐ Provided

☐ Whatever

☐ Even if

☐ But

☐ Hence

7. Salsa is rich …… her richness, she is not spoiled.

☐ Despite of

☐ In despite

☐ In spite

☐ Despite to

☐ In spite of

8. Tari did not prepare the entrance test well, …….., she failed.

☐ Otherwise

☐ Furthermore

☐ On condition that

☐ Nevertheless

☐ Consequently

9. Mr. Budi is prominent figure among Indonesian scientists, ……., people know him as a sociable person.

☐ Moreover

☐ However

☐ Otherwise

☐ As a result

☐ Although

10. My students in Yogyakarta were happy …… they know that the result of the test was good.

☐ Although

☐ When

☐ So

☐ But

☐ However

11. Living alone can be difficult; ……., many single people prefer to live with her family.

☐ However

☐ Moreover

☐ Otherwise

☐ Therefore

☐ Nevertheless

12. The government is planning to liquidate several banks soon, ……. very few people know which ones they are.

☐ But

☐ Or

☐ As

☐ For

☐ So

13. “How were you doing in your exam?”

     “Not very well …… I studied hard for it.”

☐ Which

☐ Since

☐ Whenever

☐ In spite of

☐ Eventhough

14. My uncle doesn’t earn much; ……, he can send his children to college.

☐ However

☐ And           

☐ Therefore

☐ So

☐ Hence

15. ……….. I can drive, I often ask my brother to drive me to the city.

☐ Since

☐ When

☐ Because

☐ Whether

☐ Although

16. “ I was late because I caught the wrong bus.”

Means: “I caught the wrong bus, …… I was late.”

☐ Although

☐ But

☐ So

☐ Since

☐ When

17. …….. Andy seldom attends classes, he is always one of the best students in class.

☐ Whenever

☐ Since

☐ Because

☐ Although

☐ If

18. A joke is trivial and nonsensical, …… it may express a profound truth.

☐ So

☐ Yet

☐ For

☐ Because

☐ While

19. Ms. Efidrew is a noted programmer ………

☐ However he teaches very good also

☐ As well as an effective teacher

☐ And too a very effective teacher

☐ But he teaches very good in addition

20. Conditions in Afghanistan after the civil war have grown so severe ……… many refuges have risked death to escape.

☐ What

☐ Why

☐ How

☐ When

☐ That

21. It was cold ….. I still went swimming.

☐ Despite

☐ However

☐ In spite of

☐ Though

☐ While

22. He hunts deer, ……. we don’t call him a “hunter”.

☐ But

☐ No matter

☐ Unless

☐ So

☐ Otherwise

23. Our school library needs to add more books to its collection; ……., I am collecting donations to buy new books.

☐ Therefore

☐ However

☐ Nevertheless

☐ In addition

☐ Otherwise

24. The painting was ….. we stood in front of it for a long time.

☐ Beautiful because of that

☐ Such beautiful until

☐ Beautiful in order that

☐ So beautiful that

☐ Very beautiful until

25. ……. I was doing my homework, Mia and her friend were playing outside.

☐ Before

☐ After

☐ Since

☐ While

☐ As soon as 

Conclusion

Conjunction is the part of speech (or word class) that serves to connect words, phrases, clauses, or sentences. It has two types, that is common conjunction and correlative conjunction. The conjunction is used to Addition and Replacement, Contrast and Comparison, Cause and Condition, Time and Place.

Credits

Refferences

http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/conjunctions.htm

http://grammar.about.com/od/c/g/conjuncterm.htm

http://catatanbahasainggris.blogspot.com/2009/02/correlative-conjunctions.html

http://ww2.odu.edu/al/wts/correl.htm

Big Bank Soal-Bahas Bahasa Inggris SMA/MA; Adibah, S.Pd.; Penyunting: Tim Supervisi Forum Edukasi - cet.1 - Jakarta: Wahyumedia, 2013