Introduction
In this particular WebQuest, you will learn the basic information about the cells that will help you to better understand the functions and the very purpose of it. As you go along the reading material and activities, this may help you to have fundamental and essential knowledge in your future Biology class.
1. CELLS
Cells are the fundamental building blocks of life. They are the smallest units of an organism that can be characterized as living. Robert Hooke was the first to use the word cell in 1665, however, in the context of non-living cork. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek was the first person to ever observe a cell under a microscope in 1674. The cell theory biologists use nowadays dates back to the major contributions of Schwann and Schleiden in 1839, enhanced by contributions of Virchow in 1858.
The basic elements of the classical cell theory state that
◦ all living things are composed of cells,
◦ cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things, and
◦ cells are produced from other cells
There are many different types, sizes, and shapes of cells in the body. For descriptive purposes, the concept of a "generalized cell" is introduced. It includes features from all cell types. A cell consists of three parts: the cell membrane, the nucleus, and, between the two, the cytoplasm. Within the cytoplasm lie intricate arrangements of fine fibers and hundreds or even thousands of miniscule but distinct structures called organelles.
Cell membrane
Every cell in the body is enclosed by a cell (Plasma) membrane. The cell membrane separates the material outside the cell, extracellular, from the material inside the cell, intracellular. It maintains the integrity of a cell and controls passage of materials into and out of the cell. All materials within a cell must have access to the cell membrane (the cell's boundary) for the needed exchange.
The cell membrane is a double layer of phospholipid molecules. Proteins in the cell membrane provide structural support, form channels for passage of materials, act as receptor sites, function as carrier molecules, and provide identification markers.
Nucleus and Nucleolus
The nucleus, formed by a nuclear membrane around a fluid nucleoplasm, is the control center of the cell. Threads of chromatin in the nucleus contain deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the genetic material of the cell. The nucleolus is a dense region of ribonucleic acid (RNA) in the nucleus and is the site of ribosome formation. The nucleus determines how the cell will function, as well as the basic structure of that cell.
Cytoplasm
The cytoplasm is the gel-like fluid inside the cell. It is the medium for chemical reaction. It provides a platform upon which other organelles can operate within the cell. All of the functions for cell expansion, growth and replication are carried out in the cytoplasm of a cell. Within the cytoplasm, materials move by diffusion, a physical process that can work only for short distances.
Cytoplasmic organelles
Cytoplasmic organelles are "little organs" that are suspended in the cytoplasm of the cell. Each type of organelle has a definite structure and a specific role in the function of the cell. Examples of cytoplasmic organelles are mitochondrion, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, and lysosomes.
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Read the article here: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-wmopen-biology1/chapter/prokaryotes-and-eukaryotes/
Cell and Its' Parts
https://www.ck12.org/book/cbse_biology_book_class_9/section/1.4/
Cell structure and Functions
Task
After you read the introduction about the cells, its structures. Click the link below. it is a 3D model of the cell.this will help you to better familiarize the complexity of the cell and its' parts. Explore the model below.
https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/eukaryotic-cell-cross-section-74f714127a8c4211bb1a2cac7195fb1a
Evaluation
Answer the questions below. Submit your answers in a word document and send it to my email
reynold.barcelona@cbsua.edu.ph
https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=parts--cell
Conclusion
Cells are the basic building blocks of living things. The human body is composed of trillions of cells, all with their own specialised function.
- Cells are the basic structures of all living organisms.
- Cells provide structure for the body, take in nutrients from food, and carry out important functions.
- Cells group together to form tissues? which in turn group together to form organs? such as the heart and brain.
- our cells contain a number of functional structures called organelles.
- These organelles carry out tasks such as making proteins?, processing chemicals and generating energy for the cell.
- The nucleus? is based at the centre of the cell and is the ‘control room’ for the cell.
Cells are the fundamental building blocks of life. They are the smallest units of an organism that can be characterized as living. Robert Hooke was the first to use the word cell in 1665, however, in the context of non-living cork. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek was the first person to ever observe a cell under a microscope in 1674. The cell theory biologists use nowadays dates back to the major contributions of Schwann and Schleiden in 1839, enhanced by contributions of Virchow in 1858.
The basic elements of the classical cell theory state that
◦ all living things are composed of cells,
◦ cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things, and
◦ cells are produced from other cells