Access Technology for Student with Disabilities

Introduction

image with a keyboard that resembles a disability symbolThe purpose of this WebQuest is to present best practices and procedures to accommodate students with disabilities using accessible technology and alternate media formats.

According to Eskridge Law Firm, California’s definition of disability is that physical or mental disability require a limitation upon a major life activity. Meaning that limitations that make working, public activities, physical or mental activities challenging, is a disability under the California law. Once postsecondary institutions and educators identify a student with disabilities and has records of such impairment it is important to understand that key legislative mandates are in place to protect a student with disabilities. Federal legislation Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990, and Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1998 require non-discriminatory academic opportunities to students with disabilities. Not only it is important that all student be treated equally, but more important is to distinguish their differences to help them improve skills and discover their own learning style and strategies. (Habermann, 2013)

Education institutions are required to work to identify and implement reasonable accommodations that provide equal access to education for students with disabilities. Colleges in California have Disabled Student Programs Services (DSPS) services to help students with disabilities identify best academic practices that help them achieve educational goals and academic success. A very important aspect of DSPS that once a disabled student is accepted in the program, counselors will recommend reasonable academic accommodations to provide equal educational opportunities. Once recommendations are in place, a student with a disability may request that those accommodations be implemented. Students with disabilities will receive accommodations though DSPS High Tech Center (HTC) computer lab and with their instructors. When a school provides a well-designed computer technology center, disabled students will  access a wealth of opportunities and provisions when using the various readily available technology programs. (Brown et al., 1989) DSPS High Tech Centers provide the appropriate technological opportunities for using a variety of readily available programs and services that disabled students benefit from when they are enabeled to access academic information.

Task

This assignment has the purpose to help us understand federal legislations that protect individuals with disabilities in education environments. California colleges provide reasonable accommodations through Disabled Student Programs & Services (DSPS) with use of assistive technologies and alternate media formats. You may explore different web sites that specifically provide definitions and in-depth description of the following key topics.

  1. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
  2. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990
  3. Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1998
  4. Reasonable Accommodations
  5. Assistive technology
  6. Alternate Media

There are different federal laws that protect students with disabilities. Find in the following web link about federal legislation Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990, and Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1998.

http://www.washington.edu/doit/Faculty/Rights/Legal

Some students with documented disabilities may need specialized accommodations. Post-secondary institutions require that student with disabilities register with DSPS office in order to receive accommodations. Faculty should encourage students that have disabilities to be part of DSPS services. Once a disabled student is part of DSPS services and recommendations are made for accommodations, the disabled student is responsible in requesting services in a timely manner.  In the following web link are more in depth descriptions of academic accommodations for students with disabilities.

http://www.washington.edu/doit/Brochures/Academics/accomm_ld.html

Approved accommodations that are becoming very common in education for students with disabilities are assistive technologies and alternate media formats. To understand what these accommodations are, it is required to comprehend the two new concepts.  Find and describe what is assistive technology and alternate media formats in the following web links.

20 Points

http://www.afb.org/assistivetechnology/book.asp?ch=appA

http://www.accessibilityconsultants.ca/accessibility-consulting/formats

Process

Disabled Student Cases

Respond to your best ability and make recommendations regarding best uses of assistive technology and alternate media accommodations to students with disabilities.

I)     A student who is born blind is unable to see a computer screen display or print. What kind of assistive technology must he/she be trained, and what kind of alternate media formats may he/she benefit from? 20 Points

II)   A student with a spinal cord injury does not have the motor control and finger dexterity required to use a standard mouse and keyboard.  What kind of assistive technology must he/she be trained to access and manipulate information? 20 Points

III)  A student with learning disabilities generally can access standard computer equipment. Specialized software technology and alternate formats provide suitable educational accommodations that support reading, writing, and organizational skills. Which assistive technologies and alternate media formats may he/she benefit when trying to study and access academic information? 20 Points

To help you respond the above cases, this section will help you discover different assistive technologies (AT) for different kinds of disabilities. Once identifying different AT, you will respond to the aformentioned case assignments to recommend accommodations to a student with a particular disability.  Likewise you will be able to select appropriate alternate media formats to students with vision or learning disabilities. Below find examples of different kinds of assistive technologies and alternate media formats.

Images of different assistive technologies

Images of different assistive technologies

Evaluation

Student will be evaluated by demonstrating accuracy of content in your assingments.

Assessment

Points Possible
Questions answered correctly 20

Three cases reccomendations

60
Full participation 20
Maximun Points 100
Conclusion

Disabled Student Programs & Services have a High Tech Center (HTC) computer lab which provides a two unique program and service. One program is the use of assistive technologies and the other is alternate media format transcription services. The DSPS-HTC provide access of the latest assistive technologies to assist disabled students improve functional capabilities and overcome barriers. Assistive technologies (AT) support students with vision impairments, learning disabilities, and mobility impairments. The alternate media (AM) services refers to print materials be produced in alternate accessible formats. Accessible formats help students with visual or learning disabilities access information. Braille is an alternate media format that requires new skills for recognizing Braille characters, but once achieved the speech and language systems process information just like visual characters. (Manduci, 2013) Other than Braille other alternate media formats are Tactile Graphics, Audio Books, Large print, and Electronic Text. Overall assistive technology and alternate media support students with disabilities in the use of devices or accessible formats that assist with reading, writing, and studying.

Even though California Community Colleges (CCC) have programs and services for students with disabilities, many students do not use the resources or are not informed that DSPS exist. If students with disabilities do not use DSPS services, they will experience barriers within their education. Academic barriers prevent students with disabilities from realizing their full educational potential. Specialized technology and access to academic information through alternate formats are essential in educational settings for students with vision, learning, and mobility disabilities. Once a student learns how to use assistive technology and have access to alternate media their chances to be successful in education increases tremendously. For many reasons AT and AM are very important tools to enhance the independence, productivity, and capabilities of people with disabilities in education.

Credits

References

Brown, Carl. Computer Access in Higher Education for Students with Disabilities a Practical Guide to the Selection and Use of Adapted Computer Technology. 2nd ed. Sacramento, Calif: California Community Colleges, High-Tech Center for the Disabled ;, 1989. Print.

"DISABILITY DEFINITION." Eskridge Law. Web. 24 Dec. 2014. <http://www.eskridgelaw.net/disability-definition&gt;.

Habermann, Sabrina. Learning Styles and Strategies. München: GRIN Verlag GmbH, 2013. Print.

Manduchi, Roberto. Assistive Technology for Blindness and Low Vision. Boca Raton: CRC, Taylor & Francis Group, 2013. Print.

Teacher Page

References

"Academic Accommodations for Students with Learning Disabilities." Academic Accommodations for Students with Learning Disabilities. Web. 24 Dec. 2014. <http://www.washington.edu/doit/Brochures/Academics/accomm_ld.html&gt;.

"Assistive Technology for Students Who Are Blind or Visually Impaired." APPENDIX A It's the Law: Q&A about Assistive Technology and Special Education ,. Web. 24 Dec. 2014. <http://www.afb.org/assistivetechnology/book.asp?ch=appA&gt;.

"How to Increase the Website Images and Font Sizes To Increase the Displayed Size of This or Any Other Website, Simply Press CTRL and ' ' at the Same Time on Your Keyboard. To Decrease the Displayed Size of This or Any Other Website, Simply Press CTRL and '-' at the Same Time on Your Keyboard. Press It Multiple times for Increased Effect. If You Are Using a Mac, Press CMD and ' ' Instead." PeopleAccess. Web. 24 Dec. 2014. <http://www.accessibilityconsultants.ca/accessibility-consulting/formats…;.

"The Faculty Room." Legal Issues. Web. 24 Dec. 2014. <http://www.washington.edu/doit/Faculty/Rights/Legal&gt;.

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