Introduction
the National Afro-American Council met in Washington, D. C. in 1898, to consider the status of the race at the turn of the century. You will be using Primary Source documents from The Library of Congress' "African-Amer8ican Odyssey collection to examine and analyze various perspectives on the Black Experience a6t the turn of the 20th century
Task
Examine both documents, then answer questions below. You may want to examine the full text as well as the excerpt.
- Protection of American Citizens Pamphlet - "The Black Laws" by Bishop B. W. Arnett. Full text.
- Mob-violence and Anarchy, North and South Pamphlet - "Lynch Laws in Georgia" by Ida B. Wells-Barnett. Full text.
Protection of American Citizens Pamphlet - "The Black Laws" by Bishop B. W. Arnett
1. What occurred when federal enforcement of the 14th Amendment stopped in 1877?
2. Name three significant accomplishments of Bishop B. W. Arnett.
Mob-violence and Anarchy, North and South Pamphlet - "Lynch Laws in Georgia" by Ida B. Wells-Barnes.
1. Name three offenses for which African Americans were lynched.
2. What was the real purpose of the savage demonstrations toward Negroes?
3. For what is Ida B. Wells best known?
4. In the photograph of George Meadows, the title given to him, "murderer and rapist," is significant because...
Examine both documents, and then answer questions below. You may want to examine the full text as well as the excerpt.
- Industrial Education Pamphlet - "Nineteenth Annual Report of the Tuskegee Institute" by Booker T. Washington. Full text.
- Higher Education Pamphlet - "The Primary Needs of the Negro Race" by Kelly Miller. Full text.
Industrial Education Pamphlet - "Nineteenth Annual Report of the Tuskegee Institute" by Booker T. Washington.
1.Why were schools such as Tuskegee Institute significant in advancing the causes of African Americans?
2. What was some of the criticism of the Tuskegee Institute?
3. Why could Booker T. Washington be viewed as a hypocrite?
Higher Education Pamphlet - "The Primary Needs of the Negro Race" by Kelly Miller.
1. What was meant by "practical education" at the Hampton & Tuskegee Institutes?
2. What kind of education did the Niagara Movement support?
3. What view of education did Kelly Miller support?
Examine the following document, and then answer questions below. You may want to examine the full text as well as the excerpt.
- Address to the Country Pamphlet - "An Address Delivered at the Cotton States Exposition" by Booker T. Washington. Full text.
1. Was Booker T. Washington's speech better received by whites or blacks?
2. When Washington said "make...both races one," did he mean integration? Explain.
3. Explain the quote, "The opportunity to earn a dollar in a factory just now is worth infinitely more than the opportunity to spend a dollar in an opera house."
4. Did Booker T. Washington favor immigrants over freed slaves? Why or why not?