Understanding Learning Theories: Cognitive, Behaviorism, & Social Cognitive

Introduction

Ask students:

“Why do people learn things differently?”

Give a quick scenario:

  • One student learns by thinking deeply (cognitive)
  • One learns through rewards/punishments (behaviorism)
  • One learns by watching others (social cognitive)

Tell students:

“Today we’re going to explore how people learn using three major theories.”

Task

Students will:

  • Identify key features of Cognitive Psychology, Behaviorism, and Social Cognitive Theory
  • Compare and explain the differences between them
  • Apply each theory to real-life classroom situations

Instructional Videos

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fc4qfsacCOY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x7PqyBwjLaQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UpA6RdE0aYo

 

Process

Step 1: Mini Lesson Explain each theory in simple terms 

  • Cognitive Psychology

    Focus: Thinking, memory, problem-solving

    → Learning happens inside the brain
  • Behaviorism

    Focus: Observable behavior

    → Learning happens through rewards and punishments
  • Social Cognitive Theory

    Focus: Learning through observation and modeling

    → People learn by watching others

Step 2: Group Activity (10–15 min)

Put students in small groups. Give each group 3 scenario cards like:

  • A student studies using flashcards
  • A teacher gives candy for good behavior
  • A child copies a friend’s behavior

Task: Groups decide which theory matches each scenario and explain why.

Step 3: Class Discussion (5–10 min)

Groups share answers. I clarifiy differences:

  • Cognitive = thinking
  • Behaviorism = rewards/punishments
  • Social Cognitive = observing others

 

Evaluation

Exit Ticket 

Students answer:

  • One sentence describing each theory
  • One example of each

 

Conclusion

Ask: “Which theory do you think you learn best from and why?”

Summarize:

  • Learning isn’t one-size-fits-all
  • These theories help teachers understand how to teach better